Improved Fireworks Algorithm-Enhanced Single-Objective Hybrid Disassembly Line Balancing with Machine Wear Rates Considered

As the demand for disassembling end-of-life products grows, limitations in traditional disassembly line design, low efficiency, and high resource consumption become increasingly evident. Particularly in large-scale disassembly tasks, where the cost of conventional remanufacturing rises and the technologies fail to meet high-efficiency requirements. The integration of robots into disassembly lines is a promising solution to alleviate these issues. This work presents a multi-product hybrid disassembly line balancing problem that considers machine wear rates and establishes a mixed-integer programming model guided by profit maximization to address it. An improved fireworks algorithm is used in the proposed approach. The developed solution is compared with genetic and ant colony algorithms. Evaluation results and analysis demonstrated the competitive efficiency and stability of our approach.